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FILE NO. 09.11 5 specimens · est. 1297-1922

What happened on September 11?

Real photographs, all filed under this date. Name each event before you read on.
Case Timeline 1297-1922 · 625 years
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What happened on September 11

All 5 specimens from this file, spanning 1297 to 1922, with the story behind each photograph.

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  1. Victorian engraving of two hooded monks facing an armoured knight flanked by soldiers with spears.
    Conflict · 1297

    A Scottish army destroys an English force at a river crossing

    William Wallace and Andrew Moray let half the English army cross the narrow bridge before attacking, trapping and destroying it. Moray died of his wounds; Wallace was knighted and made Guardian of Scotland.

  2. Grainy black and white photograph of a large stage lined with seated dignitaries before a packed hall.
    Culture · 1893

    A young monk introduces Hinduism to America in a single speech

    Swami Vivekananda addressed the World's Parliament of Religions in Chicago, opening with 'Sisters and brothers of America' to a standing ovation. He became the first major figure to bring Vedanta to the West.

  3. Watercolour of a small seventeenth century Dutch sailing ship at anchor on calm water under a pale sky.
    Exploration · 1609

    A Dutch ship enters the harbour of what will become New York

    Henry Hudson, an Englishman sailing for the Dutch East India Company, brought the Halve Maen into the bay and up the river looking for a passage to Asia. He found none, but the Dutch claim followed.

  4. Damaged black and white photograph of men in work clothes and suits gathered on stony ground by a tent.
    History · 1922

    The League of Nations confirms British rule over Palestine

    The Council of the League of Nations formally approved the British Mandate for Palestine, incorporating the Balfour Declaration. It shaped the conflict over the territory for decades afterwards.

  5. Oil portrait of a bearded conquistador in armour and a ruffed collar.
    History · 1541

    Santiago is attacked and burned months after Valdivia founds it

    Months after Pedro de Valdivia founded Santiago, Mapuche forces under Michimalonco destroyed almost all of it while he was away. The settlers rebuilt and the city survived.