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FILE NO. 10.24 5 specimens · est. 1260-1931

What happened on October 24?

Real photographs, all filed under this date. Name each event before you read on.
Case Timeline 1260-1931 · 671 years
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What happened on October 24

All 5 specimens from this file, spanning 1260 to 1931, with the story behind each photograph.

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  1. A low angle photograph of a bare steel lattice bridge tower against cloud, with suspension cables sweeping down past it towards the deck.
    Engineering · 1931

    A suspension bridge opens with nearly twice the span of anything built before it

    The George Washington Bridge was dedicated on 24 October 1931 and opened to traffic the next day. Its main span of 1,067 metres was nearly double the previous record, a jump nothing in bridge building had made before. Le Corbusier called it the most beautiful bridge in the world, and thought so partly because the Depression had stripped the money for its stone cladding.

  2. A dense crowd of men in hats fills a narrow street between tall buildings, with a policeman standing in the foreground and a warning sign at the kerb.
    Economics · 1929

    Crowds fill a financial district as share prices collapse in a single morning

    Nearly 13 million shares changed hands in New York on 24 October 1929, three times a normal day, and the ticker ran hours behind the actual prices. A group of bankers bought heavily in the afternoon and steadied it, which held for the weekend. The real collapse came the following Monday and Tuesday, and the market did not recover its 1929 level until 1954.

  3. The stone west front of a Gothic cathedral with two mismatched towers, one a plain pointed spire and the other elaborately carved, above a great rose window.
    Religion · 1260

    A cathedral rebuilt after a fire is dedicated with two spires that do not match

    Chartres was dedicated on 24 October 1260, rebuilt in about twenty-six years after a fire destroyed the earlier church in 1194. The speed is why it is so unusually consistent inside. The two spires are three centuries apart: the plain one is original, the carved one replaced a tower struck by lightning in 1506. Most of the medieval glass survives.

  4. An oil painting of a large crowd of men in dark seventeenth century dress packed into a panelled hall, several raising their hands above a table covered with a green cloth and documents.
    Politics · 1648

    A treaty ends a thirty year war and settles that rulers answer to nobody above them

    The treaties signed at Munster and Osnabruck on 24 October 1648 ended the Thirty Years War, which had killed perhaps a third of the population of the German lands. The settlement accepted that each ruler decided the religion of his own territory and that no outside power could overrule him. Historians still date the modern idea of state sovereignty from it.

  5. An engraving of a rider on a galloping horse waving his hat as he passes workmen raising a line of telegraph poles across empty plains.
    Technology · 1861

    A telegraph line reaches the far coast and puts a horse relay out of business in two days

    The transcontinental telegraph was completed at Salt Lake City on 24 October 1861, and the first message went to President Lincoln the same day. The Pony Express, which had carried mail across the same ground in ten days, announced it was closing two days later. It had been running for eighteen months and never made a profit.